Kyanite Crystal Mineral Specimen

KYANITE

HISTORY, NAME, LOCALITIES: Kyanite, collected since antiquity for its long, blue crystals, was recognized as a mineral species in 1789.  Its name stems from the Greek kyanos, meaning “blue,” alluding to its typical blue color.  Kyanite is an abundant mineral that occurs worldwide.  Notable collecting localities are located in Brazil, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Namibia, China, Australia, and the United States (Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina, New Hampshire, Vermont, South Dakota.)

MINERALOGY, PROPERTIES, OCCURRENCE: Kyanite [aluminum silicate, Al₂SiO₅], pronounced KYE-an-ite, crystallizes in the triclinic system, usually as elongated, tabular or bladed, prismatic crystals that are translucent to transparent, rarely terminated, and frequently twinned.  It has a Mohs hardness of 4.5-5.0, perfect cleavage in one direction, vitreous luster, a specific gravity of 3.5-3.6, and a color that is primarily blue but varies with impurities.  Kyanite occurs primarily in aluminous rocks that have been altered by high-pressure, regional metamorphism.

METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES, LORE, USES: Medieval physicians prescribed powdered kyanite to alleviate sinus problems and muscular pain.  Modern metaphysical practitioners use kyanite to enhance creativity, broaden perspectives, and promote mutual understanding.  It is thought to be a stone of attunement that brings the calmness and tranquility necessary for meditation.  Transparent, flawless kyanite is a minor gemstone that is faceted into gems; translucent kyanite is fashioned into cabochons and beads.  Kyanite is mined extensively and used to manufacture refractory and ceramic materials.

COLLECTORS’ INFORMATION: Kyanite is collected for its pleasing blue color and long, bladed crystals as both individual and composite specimens, the latter in association with staurolite, quartz, and muscovite.